Mumbai, Jan 29 : Inflammation is the body’s natural defence mechanism, activated to protect against injury, infection or harmful stimuli. While short-term inflammation is essential for healing, persistent or chronic inflammation can quietly damage tissues and increase the risk of several diseases.
How inflammation works
When the immune system detects a threat, it releases chemicals that increase blood flow and attract immune cells to the affected area. This process causes familiar signs such as redness, swelling, warmth and pain. Once the threat is neutralised, the inflammatory response usually subsides.
Problems arise when this response remains active for long periods, even in the absence of injury or infection.
Common causes of chronic inflammation
Several factors can keep the body in a constant inflammatory state. These include poor diet, particularly one high in processed foods, sugar and trans fats, physical inactivity, chronic stress, smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.
Underlying medical conditions such as obesity, autoimmune disorders, allergies and untreated infections can also fuel long-term inflammation. Environmental pollutants and lack of quality sleep may further aggravate the condition.
Health risks linked to inflammation
Sustained inflammation has been associated with heart disease, diabetes, arthritis, certain cancers and neurodegenerative disorders. It can also weaken the immune system over time, making the body more vulnerable to illness.
Ways to reduce inflammation
Lifestyle changes play a key role in managing inflammation. A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, healthy fats and lean protein can help regulate immune responses. Regular physical activity, stress management techniques such as meditation, and adequate sleep are equally important.
Doctors may also recommend medical treatment when inflammation is linked to an underlying condition. Early intervention and consistent healthy habits can significantly lower long-term risks.